Showing posts with label machu picchu. Show all posts
Showing posts with label machu picchu. Show all posts

Saturday, May 9, 2009

Peru: A walk in the clouds to Machu Picchu

Trekking to Machu Picchu traditionally means roughing it on the Inca Trail. But if you take the lesser-known Salkantay Pass, you can break your journey in comfortable lodges, says Anna Murphy.

There were a number of things that had long made me want to walk the Inca Trail: the idea of scaling the Peruvian Andes; of feeling as if you could reach out and touch the clouds with your hands; plus the thought of walking early one morning into the ruined city of Machu Picchu.

But there was a raft of other things that put me off. The horror stories about altitude sickness. The idea of camping, when night-time temperatures – even during the hiking season of May to September – regularly drop to below freezing. Finding yourself caught up in a peculiarly 21st-century commuter belt as you and up to 500 other people each day passed each other on a rubbish-strewn and erosion-stricken pathway.

Then last year I heard of the Mountain Lodges of Peru, a small company that had recently opened four Andean lodges, each a day's walk apart along a trail called the Salkantay Pass. Here was the chance to sleep in something approaching if not luxury then comfort, and to walk a trail upon which you might come across only one other group a day if you were unlucky.

Added to which, this company seemed to take the risks of altitude sickness seriously, making you spend a day acclimatising at the first lodge (at 12,705ft) and from there doing a trial day trek to just over 14,000 ft to check that your body is up to the challenges ahead. It sounded just the trip for me.

We were to meet the rest of the group in the mountain city of Cuzco. It proved to be one of the most wonderful places I have ever visited. Clinging on to the mountainsides, its perilously steep cobbled streets were lined with pretty 19th-century houses with blue doors and balconies.

The foundations of many of these buildings were huge Flintstones-style rocks which once formed part of the earlier Inca city upon which Cuzco was built. What else made the place so special? Its pretty garden squares and rococo cathedral and churches.

Then there were the brightly dressed women down from the villages, leading a recalcitrant llama or two and carrying a baby (child or sheep) in a papoose over their shoulders.

There was the stunning Museo de Arte Precolombino, and the beautiful shops selling less precious versions of what was in the museum, bits of old Andean embroidery, and countless little carved stone animals – sheep and llamas, mostly.

And not forgetting the excellent restaurants and the pastry-producing nuns who sell their melt-in-the-mouth croissants for pennies at the Panaderia El Buen Pastor. But above all else it was just an atmosphere, an uplifting sense of serenity, that made it a difficult town to leave. Then again, that might have been something to do with the growing sense of dread I was feeling. And not just about the actual walking.

A group trip, my friend and I came to realise, as we gathered to meet our co-trekkers, is like an extended blind date. What if you don't get on? We were the only two English people, it transpired; the other seven were from the US. Our differences soon became apparent. Most obvious was our approach to altitude.

What was the highest altitude we had ever been to, the others asked. We were stumped. Well, what altitude did we live at? Stumped again. For Americans, it seems, altitude is something one knows about, and – in this context – talked about at length. They lived in high-up places like Denver (5,281ft) or went up mountains at the weekend.

In the UK, we told them, unless you are a mountaineer, you never thought about such matters. It transpired that we were also, by the group's calculation, woefully under-medicated. I know the importance of packing things like Dioralyte and Imodium, and I always have some paracetamol in my travel medical kit.

But suddenly we were with people who would put a high-street chemist to shame when it came to painkillers and God knows what else. We felt both afraid (was it really going to be that bad?), and relieved (well, if it was, we were with the right people). We drove for several hours, passing adobe villages, each house with a tiny cross on its rooftop flanked by terracotta animals, and women dressed in the traditional embroidery accessorised with many bits of different coloured knitwear. Some were wearing bowler hats, too, a sign of status. When we began to walk it was on an easy track, but already the views were epic.

The slopes were a scrubby brown colour, but above them were vast snowy mountains, one minute sharply drawn by sunlight, the next festooned with garlands of clouds. The first lodge, which we reached in about two-and-a-half hours, was situated on a high plain between two giant snowy peaks. We arrived just in time to watch the sun set, turning the snow as pink as bubblegum, and to watch the poor souls who were camping pitch their tents on a small campsite near the lodge. Even after a minute on the lodge terrace I felt as if my blood
was freezing.

The lodge, like all those we were to stay in, was architecturally stunning, built to reflect the environment with a multi-peaked roof and adobe walls. It was simply and comfortably furnished and, best of all, warm. The campers were long gone when we started out at 8am the next morning. Our two guides explained that campers generally became too cold to sleep, so start out as early as 4am. Most carried their own backpacks, too, which may not sound like much until you experience how hard it is even to transport your own weight at about 15,000ft. Today, the acclimatisation day, we would return to the same lodge, but for the days ahead our luggage would be carried by mule. But we had the "ambulance" with us, a saddled mule, should anyone find the altitude too much.

It proved to be a glorious day, as we walked up to a blindingly blue glacier lake, with giant condors circling high in the skies, looking tiny despite their 35ft wingspan. There were huge rococo cornices of snow hanging off the top of the slopes, as if a giant plasterer had gone crazy with the Artex, and beneath them, the icy glaciers crept and crunched their way imperceptibly down the slopes (sometimes you would hear one of them shift, or catch the deeper rumble of an avalanche).

Quickly we began to understand something of the mountains, the way the temperature can rise or fall with unbelievable suddenness depending on your altitude, as can your ease of breathing – just a few hundred feet making all the difference. A big part of the day was giving us psychological strength – the highest point of the trek ahead of us would be only 1,000 ft higher than we had gone today.

We had done this; we could do that, too. The next day would be, we were warned, the toughest. Within an hour of leaving the lodge we had climbed 1,000 feet – yes, my friend and I too were becoming altitude bores – following a serpentine celandine stream up through a series of flat, grassy plains cupped between the foothills of the mountains. Then we had an incredibly hard hour-and-a-half of ''switchbacks'', a series of zigzags and the only way to climb what at times feels like a near-vertical slope.

Physically they are tough, but mentally they are even tougher as at times, turning back on yourself again and again, it feels as if you are going nowhere. Even so, the isolation that I felt – a glorious kind of oneness in which there is just you and the breathtaking natural world – made it bearable. Finally we reached another much higher plain where we were to have a break.

And there, above us, was a truly magical thing – a rainbow encircling the sun, the sky within it a darker and more luminous blue than the sky outside it. We continued, climbing higher still, the ground now rocky scree and the temperature turning from hot to freezing.

However fit you are, you have to stop and take regular short breaks (but not for so long as to let your body temperature fall). But no one in the group, who ranged in age from twentysomething to sixtysomething, was suffering from any altitude sickness, thank goodness.

Every so often a couple of locals passed, leading mules laden with everything from gas canisters to giant boxes. Their mouths and teeth were black from coca leaves, which they chew for energy and to alleviate altitude sickness.

Clamped to their ears there was often a tinny transistor radio; sometimes the women spun wool as they walked, spindle in one hand, wool in the other. We reached the highest point, at 15,340ft, and had our photos taken at the Salkantay Pass sign, but it was far too cold to linger, and we were eager to begin to make our way down the other side.

The next two days brought many more wonders, like our walk through the cloudforest, a kind of jungle that is, as its name suggests, so high up as to be in the clouds. Here we saw countless orchids, myriad butterflies, and an iridescent hummingbird slurping nectar from a flower right by the path. Finally, on our last day, we glimpsed the reason we were all there: Machu Picchu, on a mountain directly in front of us.

Yet suddenly it dawned on us that Machu Picchu wasn't why we were there after all; it was the trek itself that had become the raison d'être of our trip. When we visited Machu Picchu the next day (the only disadvantage of this trail is that you can't actually walk into the ruins), we found it amazing but somehow beside the point. It sounds pretentious, but somewhere back there, up in the mountains, we experienced something else, something other, and none of us will ever forget it.

resource: telegraph.co.uk

Saturday, April 4, 2009

Machu Picchu a marvel no matter your route

CUSCO, Peru - When Hiram Bingham stumbled upon Machu Picchu on a 1911 expedition, it took him days of travel by foot and mule to get from Cusco to the general vicinity. Then he crossed a rickety bridge on hands and knees before climbing several hours up a steep slope to reach the hidden ruins.

Now you can hop on a luxurious Hiram Bingham train from Cusco and be there in 3 1/2 hours, sipping pisco sours and listening to a pan pipe group while you dine. It almost feels like cheating.

When the Incas ruled a large swath of the continent, their empire extended as far north as southern Colombia and as far south as northern Argentina and Chile. Carefully engineered trails through the mountains connected cities and military outposts. With no horses or mules on the continent at that time, all movement through the kingdom was on foot.

If you want to get to the ruins of Machu Picchu on foot yourself, or at least hike part of the way, there are several organized treks that will get you there. This way you can still feel like an explorer making discoveries in the Andes Mountains. Much of the time you will be walking through landscapes that have not changed much since the conquistadors arrived in 1532.

To hike the original Inca steps and arrive by foot at the Sun Gate of Machu Picchu, this famous route is the way to go. The trail lives up to its billing as one of the world's great travel experiences.

You walk on stone paths built hundreds of years ago, exploring impressive ruins along the way that cannot be reached by any vehicle. After three days and nights, you make a grand entrance to the main attraction at sunrise on the last day, exploring the citadel in the early morning light. There are public restrooms, designated camping areas, and regular trail maintenance along the way. Carry in/carry out regulations keep the area garbage-free, and there are some 250 varieties of orchids complementing the mountain vistas.

The popularity of this trek means crowded trails and packed campsites outside of the rainy season. (It is closed each year in February, the rainiest month.) You have to put a deposit down with an outfitter well before your trip. As a spokesperson from Q'ente, one of Cusco's long-established tour agencies, says, "If you want to hike the Inca Trail in July or August, you had better be signed up by March." Permits are limited to about 200 hikers and 300 porters per day. Since porters outnumber hikers, someone will be carrying your luggage, setting up your tent, and cooking your group's meals.

Wednesday, March 25, 2009

Cafe owner takes Inca trail to raise charity cash

A CAFE owner from Teignmouth is undertaking the challenge of his life to raise cash for the Shelterbox charity.

Roger Palmer, 28, from East Cliff Café, will be heading to Peru to trek at high altitude along the ancient Inca Trail.

His mission comes after a year of dramatic weight loss following hospitalisation for a pancreas illness.

Shelterbox sends the boxes around the world to disaster areas to people in need.

One box contains a 10-person tent and ancillary equipment designed to enable a family to survive for at least six months. Other items may include insulated groundsheets, thermal blankets, a multi-fuel stove, cooking equipment, tools and mosquito nets.

Roger decided to raise money for Shelterbox following the earthquake in China last May which killed thousands.

He said he felt inspired when he saw how quickly Shelterbox reacted in sending aid instantly to the people who need it.

Throughout the last year he has been raising money by jumping out of an airplane at 15,000 feet, having sponges thrown at him while encased in stocks and has held coffee mornings at his café.

His fund-raising efforts have resulted in boxes being sent to victims in Sudan, Gaza, Congo, Nepal and Haiti.

He said: "I think the scary thing about doing the Inca Trail is that it is nearly the same height as my skydive, where it was freezing and hard to breath."

Roger initially thought he was unable to do it due to his weight.

He explained: "I knew a few friends who did it and said it was tough, but I had always thought I couldn't do it because I was too big — I was nearly 25 stone.

"But I thought about it and decided there was no reason not to do it anymore: I had lost nearly 10 stone in the last year as I had a spent three weeks in hospital with pancreatitis."

He signed up for the Inca Trail Challenge and has spent 11 months training for it.

"I thought if I can give myself a year to get ready for it, I could do something I've always wanted to do", he said. "It would give me one big push to lose that last bit of weight and get fit. To raise money for Shelterbox at the same time would be fantastic."

Roger, who has run the resort's seaside refreshment premises for nine years, has been training up to six times a week, adding: "I've never been so fit in my life, I weigh less now than when I was in high school.

"The trouble is I can get bored when exercising so have mixed my training up with lots of walks, going to the gym, swimming and doing training with the Teignmouth Beach Surf Life Saving Club."

The Inca Trail is 45km long and crosses rugged mountains at over 14,000 ft high.

Roger will spend four days hiking when he reaches the final destination of Machu Picchu.

He leaves on April 24.

For more information on Roger's challenge visit www.RogersChallenge.co.uk

Tuesday, March 24, 2009

The B-52's will visit Machu Picchu



The B-52’s Band, which reached their highest peaks of popularity during the first years of the 80’s, will perform in Peru for the first time next April 23rd (at the National Stadium), and have announced that they also have book a trip to Cusco after their performance because of their interest in visiting Machu Picchu.

“We’ve been on the road since months ago, and when we scheduled our dates for Peru we all agreed that it would have been crazy not visiting Machu Picchu”, commented to a local newspaper Lisa Arzt, the band’s manager.

The authors of “Private Idaho” and “Rock lobster” will travel to Cusco the day after the concert; they will spend a day at the city and will also take the luxurious train Hiram Brigham, that will take them to Machu Picchu citadel, where they will stay.

Reportedly, they have also booked a session with an expert in ancient naturist medicine, who would show them the healing properties of the coca leaves.

Resource: www.livinginperu.com

Monday, March 23, 2009

Salkantay Trek

Salcantay

Salkantay's proximity to Machu Picchu makes trekking around it it attractive as an alternative to the oversubscribed Inca Trail. There are three possible routes starting from Mollepampa. All three begin with a day of approach, heading north along a dirt road. Then they diverge:

The longest route, heads north to the base of the mountain, then turns right, following the east side of the mountain, then heads northeast to eventually join the Inca Trail itself at Wayllabamba. This route takes 4 days to reach the Inca Trail, then another 2 days to reach Machu Picchu.

The most common route used by trekking companies heads north, then west around the west side of the mountain, over Salkantay Pass at 4600m. It continues as far as the village of La Playa, where buses usually make the connection to Santa Teresa. From here, trekkers walk to the Hydroelectric project then either train or walk to Aguas Calientes, at the base of Machu Picchu. This route takes 4 days in total.

A more satisfying variation on this route turns right before reaching La Playa, over a ridge and arriving directly at Aguas Calientes two days later. This route takes 6 days in total.

Machu Picchu had controversy with Yale University

In 1912 and 1914-15, Bingham excavated the treasures from Machu Picchu—ceramic vessels, silver statues, jewelry and human bones—and took them from Peru to Yale University in the United States for further study. Yale has retained the artifacts until now. The National Geographic Society, which co-sponsored Bingham’s explorations, has acknowledged that the artifacts were taken on loan and is committed to seeing them returned to Peru.

Eliane Karp, an anthropologist who is the wife of the former Peruvian President Alejandro Toledo, accused Yale of profiting from Peru's cultural heritage by claiming title to more than 250 pieces removed from Machu Picchu by Bingham in 1912, which had been on display at Yale's Peabody Museum ever since. Some of the artifacts Bingham removed were returned to Peru, but Yale kept the rest saying its position was supported by federal case law involving Peruvian antiquities.

On September 19, 2007, the Courant reported that Peru and Yale had reached an agreement regarding the requested return of the artifacts. The agreement includes sponsorship of a joint traveling exhibition and construction of a new museum and research center in Cusco about which Yale will advise Peruvian officials. Yale acknowledges Peru's title to all the excavated objects from Machu Picchu, but Yale will share rights with Peru in the research collection, part of which will remain at Yale as an object of continuing study.

On June 19, 2008, National Geographic Society’s vice-president Terry Garcia was quoted by daily La República. “We were part of this agreement. National Geographic was there, we know what was said, the objects were loaned and should be returned.” In November 2008, the Peruvian government decided to sue Yale after all the negotiations to have the pieces returned failed.

Resource: wikipedia.org

Intihuatana stone in Machu Picchu

The Intihuatana stone is one of many ritual stones in South America. The Spanish did not find Machu Picchu so the Intihuatana Stone was not destroyed as many other ritual stones in Peru were. These stones are arranged to point directly at the sun during the winter solstice. Intihuatana also is called "The Hitching Point of the Sun" because it was believed to hold the sun in its place along its annual path in the sky. At midday on March 21 and September 21, the equinoxes, the sun stands almost above the pillar—casting no shadow at all. Researchers believe that it was built as an astronomic clock or calendar.

The Intihuatana stone was damaged in September 2000 when a 450 kg (1,000-pound) crane fell onto it, breaking off a piece of stone the size of a ballpoint pen. The crane was being used by a crew hired by J. Walter Thompson advertising agency to film an advertisement for a beer brand. "Machu Picchu is the heart of our archaeological heritage and the Intihuatana is the heart of Machu Picchu. They've struck at our most sacred inheritance," said Federico Kaufmann Doig, a Peruvian archaeologist.

Resource: wikipedia.org

Architecture of Machu Picchu

The central buildings of Machu Picchu use the classical Inca architectural style of polished dry-stone walls of regular shape. The Incas were masters of this technique, called ashlar, in which blocks of stone are cut to fit together tightly without mortar. The Incas were among the best stone masons the world has seen, and many junctions in the central city are so perfect that it is said not even a blade of grass fits between the stones.

Some Inca buildings were constructed using mortar, but by Inca standards this was quick, shoddy construction, and was not used in the building of important structures. Peru is a highly seismic land, and mortar-free construction was more earthquake-resistant than using mortar. The stones of the dry-stone walls built by the Incas can move slightly and resettle without the walls collapsing.

Inca walls show numerous design details that also help protect them from collapsing in an earthquake. Doors and windows are trapezoidal and tilt inward from bottom to top; corners usually are rounded; inside corners often incline slightly into the rooms; and "L"-shaped blocks often were used to tie outside corners of the structure together. These walls do not rise straight from bottom to top but are offset slightly from row to row.

The Incas never used the wheel in any practical manner. Its use in toys demonstrates that the principle was well-known to them, although it was not applied in their engineering. The lack of strong draft animals as well as terrain and dense vegetation issues may have rendered it impractical. How they moved and placed enormous blocks of stones remains a mystery, although the general belief is that they used hundreds of men to push the stones up inclined planes. A few of the stones still have knobs on them that could have been used to lever them into position; it is believed that after the stones were placed, the Incas would have sanded the knobs away, but a few were overlooked.

The space is composed of 140 structures or features, including temples, sanctuaries, parks, and residences that include houses with thatched roofs. There are more than one hundred flights of stone steps–often completely carved from a single block of granite–and a great number of water fountains that are interconnected by channels and water-drains perforated in the rock that were designed for the original irrigation system. Evidence has been found to suggest that the irrigation system was used to carry water from a holy spring to each of the houses in turn.
According to archaeologists, the urban sector of Machu Picchu was divided into three great districts: the Sacred District, the Popular District to the south, and the District of the Priests and the Nobility.

Located in the first zone are the primary archaeological treasures: the Intihuatana, the Temple of the Sun and the Room of the Three Windows. These were dedicated to Inti, their sun god and greatest deity. The Popular District, or Residential District, is the place where the lower class people lived. It includes storage buildings and simple houses. In the royalty area, a sector that existed for the nobility, includes a group of houses located in rows over a slope, the residence of the Amautas (wise persons) was characterized by its reddish walls, and the zone of the Ñustas (princesses) had trapezoid-shaped rooms. The Monumental Mausoleum is a carved statue with a vaulted interior and carved drawings. It was used for rites or sacrifices.

As part of their road system, the Inca built a road to the Machu Picchu region. Today, tens of thousands of tourists walk the Inca Trail to visit Machu Picchu each year, acclimatising at Cusco before starting on a two- to four-day journey on foot from the Urubamba valley up through the Andes mountain range to the isolated city..

Resource: wikipedia.org

Location of Machu Picchu

Machu Picchu is 80 kilometers northwest of Cusco, on the crest of the mountain Machu Picchu, located about 2,350 meters (7,710 feet) above sea level. It is one of the most important archaeological sites in South America and the most visited tourist attraction in Peru.

It is above Urubamba Valley. From atop the cliff of Machu Picchu, there is a vertical rock face of 600 meters rising from the Urubamba River at the foot of the cliff. The location of the city was a military secret, and its deep precipices and mountains provide excellent natural defenses. The Inca Bridge, an Inca rope bridge, across the Urubamba River in the Pongo de Mainique, provided a secret entrance for the Inca army. Another Inca bridge to the west of Machu Picchu, the tree-trunk bridge, at a location where a gap occurs in the cliff that measures 6 metres (20 ft), could be bridged by two tree trunks. If the trees were removed, it would leave a 570 metres (1,900 ft) fall to the base of the cliffs, also discouraging invaders.

The city sits in a saddle between two mountains, with a commanding view down two valleys and a nearly impassable mountain at its back. It has a water supply from springs that cannot be blocked easily, and enough land to grow food for about four times as many people as ever lived there. The hillsides leading to it have been terraced, not only to provide more farmland to grow crops, but to steepen the slopes which invaders would have to ascend. There are two high-altitude routes from Machu Picchu across the mountains back to Cusco, one through the sun gate, and the other across the Inca bridge. Both easily could be blocked if invaders should approach along them. Regardless of its original purpose, it is strategically located and readily defended.

History of Machu Picchu

Machu Picchu was constructed around 1462, at the height of the Inca Empire. It was abandoned less than 100 years later. It is likely that most of its inhabitants were wiped out by smallpox before the Spanish conquistadores arrived in the area, and there is no record of their having known of the remote city. Hiram Bingham, the credited discoverer of the site, along with several others, originally hypothesized that the citadel was the traditional birthplace of the Inca of the "Virgins of the Suns".

Another theory maintains that Machu Picchu was an Inca "llacta", a settlement built to control the economy of these conquered regions. Yet another asserts that it may have been built as a prison for a select few who had committed heinous crimes against Inca society. Research conducted by scholars, such as John Rowe and Richard Burger, has convinced most archaeologists that rather than a defensive retreat, Machu Picchu was an estate of the Inca emperor, Pachacuteq. In addition, Johan Reinhard presented evidence that the site was selected because of its position relative to sacred landscape features — such as its mountains, which are purported to be in alignment with key astronomical events that would have been important to the Incas.

Although the citadel is located only about 80 kilometers (50 miles) from Cusco, the Inca capital, it was never found by the Spanish and consequently not plundered and destroyed, as was the case with many other Inca sites. Over the centuries, the surrounding jungle grew over much of the site, and few knew of its existence. On July 24, 1911, Machu Picchu was brought to the attention of scholars by Hiram Bingham, an American historian employed as a lecturer at Yale University. Bingham was led up to Machu Picchu by a local 11 year old Quechan boy named Pablito Alvarez. Bingham undertook archaeological studies and completed a survey of the area. Bingham coined the name "The Lost City of the Incas", which was the title of his first book.

Bingham had been searching for the city of Vilcapampa, the last Inca refuge and spot of resistance during the Spanish conquest of Peru. In 1911, after years of previous trips and explorations around the zone, he was led to the citadel by Quechuans. These people were living in Machu Picchu, in the original Inca infrastructure. Although most of the original inhabitants had died within a century of the city's construction, a small number of families survived so by the time the site was 'discovered' in 1911, people still were living on the site, and many mummies—mostly of women—were discovered as well. Bingham made several more trips and conducted excavations on the site through 1915, carrying off artifacts. He wrote a number of books and articles about the discovery of Machu Picchu in his lifetime.

Simone Waisbard, a long-time researcher of Cusco, claims that Enrique Palma, Gabino Sánchez, and Agustín Lizárraga left their names engraved on one of the rocks at Machu Picchu on July 14, 1901. This would mean that they 'discovered' it long before Bingham did in 1911. Likewise, in 1904, an engineer named Franklin supposedly spotted the ruins from a distant mountain. He told Thomas Payne, an English Christian missionary living in the region, about the site, Payne's family members claim. They also report that in 1906, Payne and another fellow missionary named Stuart E McNairn (1867–1956) climbed up to the ruins.

The site received significant publicity after the National Geographic Society devoted their entire April 1913 issue to Machu Picchu.

An area of 325.92 square kilometers surrounding Machu Picchu was declared a "Historical Sanctuary" of Peru in 1981. In addition to the ruins, this sanctuary area includes a large portion of adjoining region, rich with flora and fauna.

Machu Picchu was designated as a World Heritage Site in 1983 when it was described as "an absolute masterpiece of architecture and a unique testimony to the Inca civilization".

On July 7, 2007, Machu Picchu was voted as one of New Open World Corporation's New Seven Wonders of the World. The World Monuments Fund placed Machu Picchu on its 2008 Watch List of the 100 Most Endangered Sites in the world because of environmental degradation resulting from the impact of tourism, uncontrolled development in the nearby town of Aguas Calientes that included a poorly sited tram to ease visitor access, and the construction of a bridge across the Vilcanota River that is likely to bring even more tourists to the site in defiance of a court order and government protests against it.

Resource: wikipedia.org

Friday, March 20, 2009

Machu Picchu people reject the installation of cable

The authorities and people of Aguas Calientes, a town near the Inca citadel of Machu Picchu, are opposed to the installation of a cable car or funicular as it endangers the preservation of the archaeological complex.

Lima. Dpa .-
The mayor of Aguas Calientes, Edgar Miranda, quoted by Lima today, said that the inhabitants of this district, through which to enter Machu Picchu, "are the guardians of the Inca citadel and not permit its installation."

Miranda said that this position has been communicated to the government after a meeting on Monday between representatives of both sides and further indicated that the installation of an electric hoist is prohibited by city ordinance.

Machu Picchu, a citadel constructed of stone on top of a mountain, 2350 meters above sea level, is a World Heritage Site since 1983 and remains by far the main tourist attraction in Peru.

Miranda recalled that in 2001 the people spoke the same way. The central government then suspended the project by not receiving authorization from the National Institute of Natural Resources.

The head of the Archaeological Park of Machu Picchu, Fernando Astete said the construction of this transport system may compromise the rock formation and even cause the collapse of part of the monument.

Astete said that the congestion of visitors would be difficult to handle, so that these projects must have environmental impact studies.

The head of the Regional Tourism department of the Cusco -Machu Picchu-that is, Jean Paul Benavente said the project seeks to implement new routes of access and the principle of conservation and sustainability of the complex pre-Columbian.

The president of the Chamber of Tourism of Cusco, Boris Gómez, said in turn that the electric elevator could allow up to 10,000 tourists arrive daily and contribute to the development of the surrounding localities.

Aguas Calientes authorities announced that in April presented a tourism plan that will include new options for admission to the Inca citadel, including the new list of Seven Wonders of the World.

Resource: www.lanacion.com.py - Spanish to english

Wednesday, March 18, 2009

Tim and Patrices thanks a lot

We have so wonderfull moments with own friends, Tim and Patrices when stayed on Cusco, here some photos about they trip...

DSCF9000 por Timboc H.

DSCF8876 por Timboc H.



DSCF8766 por Timboc H.

DSCF8741 por Timboc H.

Sacred sites of the Incas' Machu Picchu

FEW things bring home the majesty, mystery and mundanity of the lost city of the Incas, Machu Picchu, like the Throne Room.

In this extraordinary abandoned city, hidden in the jungle of the Andes and missed by the maurauding Spanish conquistadors, the remains of complex agricultural terraces, workers' huts, nobles' homes, sacred temples and scientific instruments survive.

So, too, does an important stone home which must have been the seat of the high priest, or possibly the Inca himself. After all, it is the only one with an indoor toilet.

It is sights such as this – a dunny – and of actually touching the stones so carefully crafted by the people of the Inca, that takes Machu Picchu out of a mythical postcard image and cements it as a real place where people lived, worked, loved and died.

To get to Machu Picchu in Peru you have choices: hike the Inca Trail for about 30 days from the nearest major city, Cusco; hike it for about four days from a closer drop-off point; or take the train.

Travelling with a bunch of active 50-something-year-olds as part of a wider Bunnik Tour (motto: Not Too Young & Not Too Old), we happily took the train.

This is an adventure in itself. To scale the Andes from Cusco the train first rises up a series of zig-zags, then cruises down the Incas' Sacred Valley and into ravines flanked by massive snowcapped mountains.

The Perurail Vistadome carriages have windows in the ceiling to take in the wild views, as well as table service for the four-hour trip. Very civilised.

The train arrived at Aguas Calientes, a town which initially seemed to be one huge market aimed at tourists but actually has a nice village square and plenty of cafes.

Our Bunnik crew was booked into the Inkaterra Hotel, a resort spread over lush gardens with guided nature walks to show off the region's 33 species of hummingbird and 373 species of orchids.

Rain had set in, so the decision was made to explore the village for the afternoon and leave Machu Picchu until early the next morning. It was a wise move. Next day we were ready to go at 6.30am and the day was dry, if cloudy.

A constant stream of buses snake their way up the mountain's hairpin road, ferrying tourists to Machu Picchu each day. Reaching the entrance is a jaw-dropping moment.

Shrouded in clouds, the lost city looms with an ethereal presence.

Dating from about 1450AD, it had only about a century of magnificence before being abandoned ahead of the brutal Spanish invasion.

The Spanish never found it and it was forgotten, although this is the Andes, a humid jungle territory where things are swiftly swallowed up by nature.

It is also on an incredibly remote, hard-to-reach mountainside.

American researcher Hiram Bingham discovered it in 1911. The Peruvian Government had put in a new road nearby and a native mentioned the ruins, where peasants were living to avoid taxes.

Bingham saw the ruins and was astonished. To see it today, reclaimed from the jungle, is equally astounding.

Row upon row of crop terraces march down the steep mountainside, held up by stone retaining walls.

About 216 houses have been identified, thatch roofs long gone but stones still solid, as are public buildings and temples.

The main temple to the sun is a tribute to the Inca civilisation's extraordinary stonecraft. Perfectly polished stones, some huge, fit together so exactly no mortar is needed and no gaps are visible. One huge boulder has no fewer than 36 angles, with each neighbouring stone cut to join perfectly.

In one room, alcoves appear designed to amplify sound; tourists who stick their heads in and hum are rewarded with an echo wave.

As you wander around in awe, it becomes easy to visualise an industrious, intricate community of some 1000 people going about their lives, centred on the worship of the sun.

After all, the sun was central to their agricultural society. After taking in the ruins, many visitors opt for the hour-long climb to the Sun Gate, the gap in a nearby mountain where the first rays of the morning sun shone down on the sun temple.

This is the aspect where the most famous photos of Machu Picchu are taken, showing the lost city against the backdrop of another dramatic mountain peak. But arriving early gave us another choice. Authorities allow 400 people a day to climb the soaring neighbouring peak seen in those photos, Wayna Picchu. (Machu Picchu means old mountain, Wayna Picchu means young mountain.)

Five of us from the Bunnik group put our hands up to reserve places, ready to tackle both the steep climb and the prospect of vertigo at the top.

Steep it was: a punishing zig-zag with cables to help haul yourself up as amazing views unfold.

When finally at the top you come to yet more Incan ruins, giving you even more reason to appreciate their ingenuity and physical strength.

The one woman among our climbers, Denise Bradley, became the first Bunnik female tourist to conquer Wayna Picchu.

At the top, the temptation to bellow out a "Coo-ee" was too great. It echoed though the mountains and was dutifully replied to by some other Aussie traveller.

After a full morning wandering around Machu Picchu, then an hour's solid climb up Wayna Picchu and an hour to climb back down, it was pretty easy to settle back into the comfy Vistadome carriage for the train journey back to Cusco.

To round off a supremely memorable day, Perurail staff put on some unexpected entertainment.

First, some traditional dancing with a costumed performer, then our cheerful cabin attendants put on a classy fashion show set to boppy music showing the latest in garments made from soft alpaca wool.

Truly, an amazing two-day odyssey that will live on in the memory banks long after the aches and pains of scaling Wayna Picchu are forgotten.

The writer travelled courtesy of Bunnik Tours and Lan Chile.

resource: http://www.news.com.au/

Monday, March 16, 2009

SALKANTAY - MACHU PICCHU 5 days / 4 nights

Salcantay

PROGRAM DETAILS

Places to be visited : Mollepata, Soraypampa, Chaullay, Santa Teresa, Aguas Calientes and Machu Picchu.
Type : Adventure, Archeological and Cultural.
Airfares : Not included, available upon request
Feel free to ask for extra services such as transfers, accommodation or other tours.

ITINERARY - DAY BY DAY

(B)= breakfast / (L)= lunch / (D)= dinner

Day 1: CUSCO – Mollepata - Soraypampa (L)(D)

From Cusco very early in the morning at 5.00am.we will go by bus to MOLLEPATA (this the beginning of the trek) it takes around 3 hours, when we get here we have our first breakfast and arrange our horses, afterwards we walk up for around 3 more hours to CRUZ PATA Where we have lunch, after the lunch we will have one hour to take a rest and then , we start walking to SORAYPAMPA (3.850 M.A..S.L) in this part of the trail, we are going to see in front of us, the first HUMANTAY snow capped mountain. After we will get to see in front first campsite at 5:30 pm where our porters will be waiting with some hot tea. And later we are going to eat our dinner (the first campsite is the coldest).

Day 2: Soraypampa - Chaullay (B)(L)(D)

After having a good breakfast and leaving at 6:30am. Here We have to climb up for four hours to the first pass of SALKANTAY mountain. Which is over 4.540 m.a.s.l. here on the top of this Salkantay mountain (highest point). We stop for around 25 minutes to take group pictures, because from here, we will have great views of range of the mountains and we will find some heaps of stones (Apacheta) around this pass. After this, We are going down for 4 hours through a nice trail to Chaullay, which is over lower than first campsite 2.900 m.a.s.l where we have our tea time and dinner.(The second campsite)

Day 3: Chaullay – La Playa (Sawayaco) - Santa Teresa (B) (L) (D)

We leave from Chaullay early as well after our breakfast at 7.00 am we will pass through QOLLPAPAMPA.

In this part of the trek we will walk on a narrow trail on the mountainside, crossing some species of orchids and different kinds of plants, and some cornfields, fruit fields and we have opportunity to see the most beautiful waterfall on the trail. After walking for 5 hours. Finally we will get to LA PLAYA place, which take a small truck to go SANTA TERESA town is over 1.645m.s.a.l it is going to be just 45 minutes by truck and we will get to SANTA TERESA around 1:00 pm to set up our tents here We can go to the medicinal hot spring water which is only 45 minutes from Santa Teresa town.

Day 4: Santa Teresa – Hidroelectrica – Aguas Calientes (B) (L)

We will get up at 7:00 am and after the breakfast we will start walking already for 2 hours to the hydroelectric power station (an small town)in this place we gonna have the lunch, Here we can see many kinds of fruits, trees and plants.finally after the lunch we will walk for 3 hours more to Aguas Calientes or Machupicchu town where we will spend the night in the hotel.

Day 5: Aguas Calientes – Machu Picchu - Cusco (B)

We have to get up very early in the morning at 5:30 am to have breakfast and then take the first bus to the Archeological Site of Machu Picchu, When we get to Machu Picchu The tour guide is going to explain the meanings , importance and story of Machu Picchu while we walk around the city and visit the most important places of Machu Picchu for around 2 hours. After the explanation you have the option for climbing up to the Huayna Picchu Mountain, enjoying all of Machu Picchu. After you can take a bus to Aguas Calientes and then we catch the train back to Cusco during 4 hours getting to Cusco 8:20 pm. approximately.

TOUR INCLUSIONS

- Professional Bilingual Guide.
- Bus from Cusco to Mollepata. (beginning of the trail.)
- Horses to carry the equipment.
- Cook and horsemen.
- Camping equipment ( tents, mattresses, tables and seats cooking tent and eating tent).
- Excellent meals ( 04 breakfast / 04 lunches / 04 dinners).
- First aid kit and Oxygen balloon.
- Accommodation in a hotel
- 1 night in Aguas Calientes Town.
- Bus up and down from Aguas Calientes to Machupicchu.
- Entrance fees to Machupicchu.
- Turistic Train ticket from Aguas Calientes to Ollantaytambo
- Bus to Ollantaytambo to Cusco.

If you have a larger group, please contact us

The Inca Trail to Machu Picchu 2 days / 1 night

Machupicchu

PROGRAM DETAILS

Starting point : Cusco
Ending point : Cusco
Activities : Archaeological, Cultural, Ecological, Hiking
Airfares : Not included, available upon request
Feel free to ask for extra services such as transfers, accommodation or other tours.

ITINERARY - DAY BY DAY
(B)= breakfast / (L)= lunch / (D)= dinner

Day 1: Cusco - Wiñaywayna - Aguas Calientes (L) (D)

We leave Cusco early in the morning by train to Km 104 where the trek starts. Upon arrival we visit the ruin of Chachabamba in 2250 masl. Here agricultural product from other areas where collected to be brought to Machu Picchu. Then we begin our walk towards Wiñay Wayna. On the way we have beautiful views of the Urubamba river and the chances are many to see different kinds of the famous orchid family.

We turn around the last corner and have the amazing Wiñay Wayna rigth below us, we stop to make a visit of this interesting and important inca site.

After a few minutes walking we stop for lunch. In the afternoon we walk the last hours towards Machu Picchu, that we see on a distance from the Inti Punku (Gate of the Sun) in the beautiful afternoon sun before continuing down to Aguas Calientes. We spend the night in a nice hostal in town.

Day 2: Machu Picchu - Cusco

After breakfast we'll arrive at Machu Picchu ruins (2400 m). Guided tour of the ruins for approximately 3 hours followed by some time at leisure for lunch. In the afternoon, we take the train back to Cusco, upon arrival transfer to your Hotel. End of services.

TOUR INCLUSIONS

- Transportation by train to head of trail (104 Km.)
- Train ticket back to Cusco
- Entrance ticket to Inka Trail and Machu Picchu
- Bus tickets Machu Picchu / Aguas Calientes / Machu Picchu
- 01 night accommodation in Aguas Calientes (inc. breakfast)
- Transfer train station / Hotel
- English/Spanish speaker professional guide during all Inca Trail
- Meals as mentioned in the itinerary

TOUR RATES 2007 - SHARED SERVICE

Aguas Calientes night Single Double

Basic 2** US $ US $
Hostel 3*** US $ US $

From August 1st ...

Basic 2** US $ US $
Hostel 3*** US $ US $

Note: The prices of this table are based on the standards, you can request this same programm with a different level of category with more comfort.

TOUR RATES 2007 - PRIVATE SERVICE

2 people 3 people 4 people 5 people 6 people.

PRICE

Type Price normaly US $ Promotion March, Abril US $
Adult
260.00
250.00
Student
240.00
230.00

The Inca Trail to Machu Picchu 4 Days / 3 Nights

Machupicchu

PROGRAM DETAILS

Starting point : Cusco
Ending point : Cusco
Activities : Archaeological, Cultural, Camping, Ecological, Hiking
Airfares : Not included, available upon request
Feel free to ask for extra services such as transfers, accommodation or other tours.

ITINERARY - DAY BY DAY

(B)= breakfast / (L)= lunch / (D)= dinner

Day 1: Cusco - Chilca - Wayllabamba (L) (D)

Our guide will pick you up from your hotel in Cusco very early in the morning, to take bus to the city of Chilca to begin your trek along the Inca Trail to Machu Picchu. After approximately three hours walking you will stop for lunch. Then you will continue walking towards your first camp at Wayllabamba, on the way you will have a guided tour of the archaeological complex of Llactapata. Dinner and overnight in tents at the campsite.

Day 2: Wayllabamba - Warmiwañusca - Pacaymayo (B) (L) (D)

After breakfast, the toughest part of the trail begin, walking towards the highest point in the Inca Trail where you will have an unbelievable panoramic view of the whole area and will observe different types of microclimates. After a 3 hours walk you will reach the first pass, named Warmiwañiusca or Dead Woman's Pass, at approximately 4,200 m.a.s.l. Here, you will have a tremendous feeling of achievement mixed with relief on reaching the top. After lunch you will continue your walking down to Pacaymayo where you will camp and have dinner.

Day 3: Pacaymayo - Puya Patamarka - Wiñay Huayna (B) (L) (D)

After breakfast start the descent towards the second most important pass of the trail at 3,850 m.a.s.l. having a guided visit at the archaeological complex of Runkurakay and the Inca city of Sayacmarca. Continue your trekking towards Puya Patamarka (Cloud-level town), another important archaeological monument, where lunch will be served. After a short break you will continue walking to Wiñay Huayna (Forever Young) for a guided visit of this impressive archaeological complex with a spectacular setting. Dinner and overnight at the camp.

Day 4: Wiñay Huayna - Machu Picchu - Cusco (B)

After breakfast, have a very early start to arrive in time for sunrise at Machu Picchu.
After a one hour walk through the forest towards the Inti Punku or the Gate of the Sun, also known as the Entrance Gate to Machu Picchu, where you will have the most impressive panoramic view of the citadel. Upon arrival at Machu Picchu, three-hours guided tour around the citadel, visiting the main sites and monuments. After the tour you will have free time to wander around, then you will meet with the rest of the group to drive by bus down to Aguas Calientes. In the afternoon, transfer by train to Cusco. Upon arrival in Cusco transfer to your hotel. End of services.

TOUR INCLUSIONS

- Transportation to head of trail (82 Km.)
- Entrance ticket to Inka Trail and Machu Picchu
- Bus ticket down to Aguas Calientes
- Train ticket back to Cusco
- Transfer train station / Hotel
- Cook and cooking equipment
- Porters service (to carry the tents and cooking equipment only)
- Guided visit to Machu Picchu and the ruins along the trail.
- English/Spanish speaker professional guide during all Inca Trail
- Meals as mentioned in the itinerary
- Personal camping equipment such as tents, pad
- Vegetarian food available on request with no extra charge.

Note: During the hike you will have to carry the sleeping bag, pad and your personal stuff (e.g. backpack). You can request availability for a personal porter.

PRICE

Type Price normaly US $ Promotion March, April US $
Adult
300.00
280.00
Student
270.00
250.00

View available Inka Trail
View photos Inka Trail
View treks departures